2.Instability. The stability of curcumin is affected by environmental conditions, including high temperature, light, extreme pH value, water and oxygen, which may cause the oxidation of curcumin, especially the phenolic hydroxyl functional group of curcumin.

3. Low bioavailability. Numerous studies evaluating serum or tissue levels of curcumin or its metabolites after administration have found low oral bioavailability of curcumin. This may be due to the rapid metabolism of curcumin after oral administration, most of which degrades in tissues such as the liver and small intestine before it enters the systemic circulation. In addition, the hydrophobicity of curcumin means that most of the curcumin ingested by mouth cannot be absorbed by the intestinal epithelium, or if it is absorbed by the intestinal epithelium, it can be flushed back into the lumen through the outflow system. Application and limitation of curcumin.

1.Dietary supplement

Ingredients: Organic curcumin complex (Curcuma Longa root, 95% standardized curcumin), ginger (Zingiber officinale)(root), BioPerine black pepper extract (Piper nigrum)(fruit)(containing 95% standardized piperine), plant cellulose, rice flour, rice bran extract, etc

This product which currently tops Amazon’s list of top sellers – curcumin supplements – contains no ingredients such as wheat, gluten, corn, soy, eggs, nuts, peanuts, fish or shellfish, and only added clean plant-based ingredients. The recommended maximum daily dose for adults is 2250 mg, that is, 3 capsules. The product introduction pointed out that the presence of ginger root can improve the absorption rate and action effect of curcumin, and the extract of black pepper can improve the bioavailability of curcumin.

2.Energy drinks

Ingredients: Fructose grape liquid sugar, dextrin, autumn turmeric extract, salt, acid flavor agent, Vitamin C, thickening polysaccharide, inositol, curcumin, flavor, cyclic oligosaccharide, niacin, sweetener (sucralose, potassium acetosulfamate, soma sweet), vitamin E agent, antioxidant, vitamin B6, etc

Each bottle contains 30 mg of curcumin with vitamin C, vitamin B6 and vitamin E to sober up and relieve headaches.

3.Gummy

Ingredients: Turmeric, kudzu, Hovenia hovenia

This product combines functional raw materials such as turmeric, kudzu and hovenia, and makes it into a popular soft sugar form. The eye-catching words of “guardian of people staying up late” are marked on the packaging to reflect the characteristics of the product and the target group.